Platon: The Republic Since the mid-nineteenth century, the Republic has been Plato’s most famous and widely read dialogue. As in most other Platonic dialogues the main character is Socrates. It is generally accepted that the Republic belongs to the dialogues of Plato’s middle period. In Plato’s early dialogues, Socrates refutes the accounts of his interlocutors and the discussion ends with no satisfactory answer to the

Reductionism Reductionists are those who take one theory or phenomenon to be reducible to some other theory or phenomenon. Par exemple, a reductionist regarding mathematics might take any given mathematical theory to be reducible to logic or set theory. Ou, a reductionist about biological entities like cells might take such entities to be reducible to collections of physico-chemical entities like atoms and molecules. The type

Responsabilité Nous évaluons les personnes et les groupes comme responsables ou non, selon le sérieux avec lequel ils prennent leurs responsabilités. Nous le faisons souvent de manière informelle, via un jugement moral. Parfois, nous le faisons formellement, par exemple dans un jugement juridique. Cet article considère principalement la responsabilité morale, et se concentre largement sur les individus. Les sections ultérieures commentent également la relation entre la responsabilité juridique et morale., et sur la responsabilité des collectifs.

Phenomenology and Natural Science Phenomenology provides an excellent framework for a comprehensive understanding of the natural sciences. It treats inquiry first and foremost as a process of looking and discovering rather than assuming and deducing. In looking and discovering, an object always appears to a someone, either an individual or community; and the ways an object appears and the state of the individual or community

Adolf Lindenbaum photo by permission of the Archives of the University of Warsaw Adolf Lindenbaum was a Polish mathematician and logician who worked in topology, set theory, metalogic, general metamathematics and the foundations of mathematics. He represented an attitude typical of the Polish Mathematical School, consisting of using all admissible methods, independently of whether they were finitary. Par exemple, the axiom of choice was freely