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Chauncey Wright (1830—1875) Chauncey Wright, an American mathematician, philosophe, and intellectual catalyst of the Septum and the Metaphysical club at Cambridge, was a great influence on Charles Sanders Peirce, William James, Oliver Wendell Holmes, and Nicholas St. John Green. Malheureusement, Wright’s untimely death at the age of forty-five severed his growing influence on the direction of early-classical American philosophy, just when his intellectual powers were
Ancient Aesthetics It could be argued that ‘ancient aesthetics’ is an anachronistic term, since aesthetics as a discipline originated in 18th century Germany. Néanmoins, there is considerable evidence that ancient Greek and Roman philosophers discussed and theorised about the nature and value of aesthetic properties. They also undoubtedly contributed to the development of the later tradition because many classical theories were inspired by ancient thought;
Giambattista Vico (1668—1744) Giambattista Vico is often credited with the invention of the philosophy of history. Spécifiquement, he was the first to take seriously the possibility that people had fundamentally different schema of thought in different historical eras. Ainsi, Vico became the first to chart a course of history that depended on the way the structure of thought changed over time. To illustrate the difference
Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862) The American author Henry David Thoreau is best known for his magnum opus Walden, or Life in the Woods (1854); second to this in popularity is his essay, “Resistance to Civil Government” (1849), which was later republished posthumously as “Civil Disobedience” (1866). His fame largely rests on his role as a literary figure exploring the wilds of the natural world, not
Bodily Awareness Most of us agree that we are conscious, and we can be consciously aware of public things such as mountains, tables, foods, et ainsi de suite; we can also be consciously aware of our own psychological states and episodes such as emotions, pensées, perceptions, et ainsi de suite. Each of us can be aware of our body via vision, son, odeur, et ainsi de suite. Nous
David Lewis (1941–2001) David Lewis was an American philosopher and one of the last generalists, in the sense that he was one of the last philosophers who contributed to the great majority of sub-fields of the discipline. He made central contributions in metaphysics, the philosophy of language, and the philosophy of mind. He also made important contributions in probabilistic and practical reasoning, épistémologie, the philosophy