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Haskell Brooks Curry (1900-1982) Haskell Brooks Curry was a mathematical logician who developed a distinct philosophy of mathematics. Most of his work was technical: he was the major developer of combinatory logic, which nowadays plays a role in theoretical computer science. This formalism was originally intended to be a basis for a system of symbolic logic in the usual sense, but the original system turned
Naturalistic Epistemology Naturalistic epistemology is an approach to the theory of knowledge that emphasizes the application of methods, results, and theories from the empirical sciences. It contrasts with approaches that emphasize a priori conceptual analysis or insist on a theory of knowledge that is independent of the particular scientific details of how mind-brains work. Varieties of naturalistic epistemology differ in terms of how they conceive
Conspiracy Theories The term “conspiracy theory” refers to a theory or explanation that features a conspiracy among a group of agents as a central ingredient. Popular examples are the theory that the first moon landing was a hoax staged by NASA, or the theory that the 9/11 attacks on the World Trade Center were not (exclusively) conducted by al-Qaeda, but that the US government conspired
Thomas Hobbes: Philosophie morale et politique Le philosophe anglais Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) est surtout connu pour sa pensée politique, et à juste titre. Sa vision du monde est étonnamment originale et toujours pertinente pour la politique contemporaine.. Sa principale préoccupation est le problème de l'ordre social et politique: comment les êtres humains peuvent vivre ensemble en paix et éviter le danger et la peur d'une guerre civile. Il pose
Epistemic Circularity An epistemically circular argument defends the reliability of a source of belief by relying on premises that are themselves based on the source. It is a widely shared intuition that there is something wrong with epistemically circular arguments. William Alston, who first used the term in this sense, argues plausibly that there is no way to know or to be justified in believing
Calculs Lambda Calculs Lambda (λ-calcul) sont des systèmes formels décrivant les fonctions et l'application des fonctions. L'un d'eux, la version non typée, est souvent appelé le λ-calcul. Cette exposition adoptera cette convention. À la base, le λ-calcul est un langage formel avec certaines règles de réduction destinées à capturer la notion d'application de fonction [Église, 1932, p. 352]. Par la notion primitive d'application de fonction, le