Models The word “model” is highly ambiguous, and there is no uniform terminology used by either scientists or philosophers. Ici, a model is considered to be a representation of some object, behavior, or system that one wants to understand. This article presents the most common type of models found in science as well as the different relations—traditionally called “analogies”—between models and between a given model

Jane Addams (1860-1935) Jane Addams était une activiste et une écrivaine prolifique dans la tradition pragmatiste américaine qui est devenue une leader du progressisme reconnue à l'échelle nationale aux États-Unis ainsi qu'une défenseure de la paix de renommée internationale.. Addams est principalement reconnu pour avoir fondé l'accord social de Chicago, Hull-Maison, qui est devenu le fleuron du mouvement de colonisation. Hull-House a fourni à Addams une communauté intellectuelle de soutien et

The Bhagavad Gītā The Bhagavad Gītā occurs at the start of the sixth book of the Mahābhārata—one of South Asia’s two main epics, formulated at the start of the Common Era (C.E.). It is a dialog on moral philosophy. The lead characters are the warrior Arjuna and his royal cousin, Kṛṣṇa, who offered to be his charioteer and who is also an avatar of the

Infinitism in Epistemology This article provides an overview of infinitism in epistemology. Infinitism is a family of views in epistemology about the structure of knowledge and epistemic justification. It contrasts naturally with coherentism and foundationalism. All three views agree that knowledge or justification requires an appropriately structured chain of reasons. What form may such a chain take? Foundationalists opt for non-repeating finite chains. Coherentists (à

Théories des rôles causals de l'explication fonctionnelle Les explications fonctionnelles sont un type d'explication proposé dans les sciences naturelles et sociales.. En donnant ces explications, les chercheurs font appel aux fonctions qu’une structure ou un système a. Par exemple, un biologiste pourrait dire, "Le rein a pour fonction d'éliminer les déchets de la circulation sanguine." Ou un sociologue pourrait dire, « Le but de la monogamie est de préserver la

Personal Identity What does being the person that you are, from one day to the next, necessarily consist in? This is the question of personal identity, and it is literally a question of life and death, as the correct answer to it determines which types of changes a person can undergo without ceasing to exist. Personal identity theory is the philosophical confrontation with the most