William of Ockham (Occam, c. 1280—c. 1349) William of Ockham, also known as William Ockham and William of Occam, was a fourteenth-century English philosopher. Historiquement, Ockham has been cast as the outstanding opponent of Thomas Aquinas (1224-1274): Aquinas perfected the great “medieval synthesis” of faith and reason and was canonized by the Catholic Church; Ockham destroyed the synthesis and was condemned by the Catholic Church.

Donald Davidson: Anomalous Monism Anomalous Monism is a type of property dualism in the philosophy of mind. Property dualism combines the thesis that mental phenomena are strictly irreducible to physical phenomena with the denial that mind and body are discrete substances. For the anomalous monist, the plausibility of property dualism derives from the fact that although mental states, events and processes have genuine causal powers, the causal

Lucien Blaga (1895-1961) Lucian Blaga était un éminent philosophe d'Europe de l'Est pendant la période entre les deux guerres mondiales.. Formé à la fois en théologie orthodoxe orientale et en philosophie classique, il a développé une philosophie « spéculative » qui comprend des livres sur l'épistémologie, métaphysique, esthétique, philosophie de la culture, anthropologie philosophique, philosophie de l'histoire, philosophie des sciences, et philosophie de la religion. A chair in philosophy of culture was created for

Theories of Religious Diversity Religious diversity is the fact that there are significant differences in religious belief and practice. It has always been recognized by people outside the smallest and most isolated communities. But since early modern times, increasing information from travel, publishing, and emigration have forced thoughtful people to reflect more deeply on religious diversity. À peu près, pluralistic approaches to religious diversity say that, dans

Philosophie américaine Le terme « philosophie américaine »,» peut-être de façon surprenante, a été quelque peu vague. Bien qu’il ait eu tendance à inclure principalement les travaux philosophiques réalisés par des Américains dans les limites géographiques des États-Unis, cela n'a pas été exclusivement le cas. Par exemple, Alfred North Whitehead est arrivé aux États-Unis relativement tard dans sa vie.. D'autre part, George Santayana a passé une grande partie de sa vie dehors

Existentialism Existentialism is a catch-all term for those philosophers who consider the nature of the human condition as a key philosophical problem and who share the view that this problem is best addressed through ontology. This very broad definition will be clarified by discussing seven key themes that existentialist thinkers address. Those philosophers considered existentialists are mostly from the continent of Europe, and date from