Louis Wittgenstein: Philosophie des mathématiques ultérieure Les mathématiques étaient une préoccupation centrale et constante pour Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951). Il a débuté en philosophie en réfléchissant à la nature des mathématiques et de la logique.; et, à la fin de sa vie, ses manuscrits sur ces sujets comptaient des milliers de pages, y compris les cahiers et la correspondance. En 1944, il a dit que sa principale contribution à la philosophie résidait dans la philosophie de

Wittgenstein: Epistemology Although Ludwig Wittgenstein is generally more known for his works on logic and on the nature of language, but throughout his philosophical journey he reflected extensively also on epistemic notions such as knowledge, croyance, doute, and certainty. This interest is more evident in his final notebook, published posthumously as On Certainty (1969, henceforth OC), where he offers a sustained and, du moins apparemment,

Hippocrates (c. 450—c. 380 B.C.E.) Hippocrates of Cos was said to have lived sometime between 450 BCE to 380 BCE. He was a physician, and the writings of the Corpus Hippocraticum provide a wealth of information on biomedical methodology and offer one of the first reflective codes of professional ethics. Though Plato (a contemporary) makes reference to Hippocrates (Phaedrus 270a and elsewhere), it is generally

Aristote (384 B.C.E.—322 B.C.E.) Aristotle is a towering figure in ancient Greek philosophy, who made important contributions to logic, critique, rhétorique, physics, biology, psychologie, mathématiques, métaphysique, éthique, et la politique. He was a student of Plato for twenty years but is famous for rejecting Plato’s theory of forms. He was more empirically minded than both Plato and Plato’s teacher, Socrate. A prolific writer, lecturer, and polymath, Aristotle radically