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John Calvin (1509—1564) One can scarcely imagine a figure with a greater reputation for disapproval of philosophy than John Calvin. The French expatriate penned some of the most vitriolic diatribes against philosophy and its role in scholastic theology ever written. Ainsi, in one way, this reputation is rather well-earned, and an article upon Calvin in an encyclopedia of philosophy can be rather brief. Toutefois, dans
Esthétique L'esthétique peut être définie au sens strict comme la théorie de la beauté., ou plus largement avec la philosophie de l'art. L'intérêt traditionnel pour la beauté elle-même s'est élargi, au XVIIIe siècle, pour inclure le sublime, et depuis environ 1950, le nombre de concepts esthétiques purs discutés dans la littérature s'est encore accru.. Traditionnellement, la philosophie de l'art concentrée sur sa définition,
Aristote: Metaphysics When Aristotle articulated the central question of the group of writings we know as his Metaphysics, he said it was a question that would never cease to raise itself. He was right. He also regarded his own contributions to the handling of that question as belonging to the final phase of responding to it. I think he was right about that too. The Metaphysics is one
Human Dignity The mercurial concept of human dignity features in ethical, legal, and political discourse as a foundational commitment to human value or human status. The source of that value, or the nature of that status, are contested. The normative implications of the concept are also contested, and there are two partially, or even wholly, different deontic conceptions of human dignity implying virtue-based obligations on
Global Ethics: Capabilities Approach The capabilities approach is meant to identify a space in which we can make cross-cultural judgments about ways of life. The capabilities approach is radically different from, yet indebted to, traditional ethical theories such as virtue ethics, consequentialism and deontology. This article begins with a background on global ethics. This situates the capabilities approach as a possible solution to the problems
Middle Platonism The period designated by historians of philosophy as the “Middle Platonic” begins with Antiochus of Ascalon (Californie. 130-68 B.C.E.) and ends with Plotinus (204-70 C.E.), who is considered the founder of Neoplatonism. The Middle Platonic philosophers inherited the exegetical and speculative problems of the Old Academy, established by Plato and continued by his successors Speusippus (Californie. 407-339 B.C.E.), Xenocrates (Californie. 396-314 B.C.E.) ,