John Dewey (1859—1952) John Dewey was a leading proponent of the American school of thought known as pragmatism, a view that rejected the dualistic epistemology and metaphysics of modern philosophy in favor of a naturalistic approach that viewed knowledge as arising from an active adaptation of the human organism to its environment. Sur cette vue, inquiry should not be understood as consisting of a mind

Personalism Personalism is any philosophy that considers personality the supreme value and the key to the measuring of reality. Its American form took root in the late nineteenth century, flowered in the twentieth century, and continues its life in the twenty-first century. Encore, those roots can be traced to Europe and back through Western philosophy to the Mediterranean basin. Toutefois, Personalism did not originate exclusively in

Structuralisme mathématique Le thème du structuralisme mathématique est que ce qui compte pour une théorie mathématique n'est pas la nature interne de ses objets., comme ses chiffres, fonctions, ensembles, ou des points, mais comment ces objets sont liés les uns aux autres. Dans un sens, la thèse est que les objets mathématiques (s'il existe de tels objets) n'ont tout simplement aucune nature intrinsèque. Le thème structuraliste s'est développé notamment à partir de

The Experience Machine The experience machine is a thought experiment first devised by Robert Nozick in the 1970s. In the last decades of the 20th century, an argument based on this thought experiment has been considered a knock-down objection to hedonism about well-being, the thesis that our well-being—that is, the goodness or badness of our lives for us—is entirely determined by our pains and pleasures.

Edmond Husserl (1859—1938) Although not the first to coin the term, it is uncontroversial to suggest that the German philosopher, Edmond Husserl (1859-1938), is the “father” of the philosophical movement known as phenomenology. Phenomenology can be roughly described as the sustained attempt to describe experiences (and the “things themselves”) without metaphysical and theoretical speculations. Husserl suggested that only by suspending or bracketing away the “natural

Philosophie de la Renaissance La Renaissance, c'est, la période qui s'étend approximativement du milieu du XIVe siècle au début du XVIIe siècle, c'était une période intense, englobant tout, et, à bien des égards, activité philosophique distinctive. Une hypothèse fondamentale du mouvement de la Renaissance était que les vestiges de l'Antiquité classique constituaient une source inestimable d'excellence à laquelle les temps modernes avilis et décadents