Rudolf Carnap (1891-1970) Rudolf Carnap, un philosophe d'origine allemande et naturalisé américain. citoyen, était l'un des principaux représentants du positivisme logique et l'un des principaux philosophes du XXe siècle. Il a apporté d'importantes contributions à la philosophie des sciences, philosophie du langage, la théorie des probabilités, logique inductive et logique modale. Il a rejeté la métaphysique comme étant dénuée de sens parce que les déclarations métaphysiques ne peuvent être prouvées ou réfutées par l'expérience..

Sarah Grimké (1792—1873) and Angelina Grimké Weld (1805—1879) Sarah Grimké and Angelina Grimké Weld, sisters from a South Carolina slave-holding family, were active abolitionist public speakers and pioneer women’s rights advocates in a time when American women rarely occupied the public stage. Their personal stories about the horrors of slavery made them effective agents in the Northern abolitionist movement, and their subsequent marginalization in the leadership

Humility Regarding Intrinsic Properties The Humility Thesis is a persistent thesis in contemporary metaphysics. It is known by a variety of names, y compris, but not limited to, Humility, Intrinsic Humility, Kantian Humility, Kantian Physicalism, Intrinsic Ignorance, Categorical Ignorance, Irremediable Ignorance, and Noumenalism. According to the thesis, we human beings, and any knowers that share our general ways of knowing, are irremediably ignorant of a certain

Literary Theory “Literary theory” is the body of ideas and methods we use in the practical reading of literature. By literary theory we refer not to the meaning of a work of literature but to the theories that reveal what literature can mean. Literary theory is a description of the underlying principles, one might say the tools, by which we attempt to understand literature. Tous

Paraconsistent Logic A paraconsistent logic is a way to reason about inconsistent information without lapsing into absurdity. In a non-paraconsistent logic, inconsistency explodes in the sense that if a contradiction obtains, then everything (everything!) else obtains, aussi. Someone reasoning with a paraconsistent logic can begin with inconsistent premises—say, a moral dilemma, a Kantian antinomy, or a semantic paradox—and still reach sensible conclusions, without completely exploding

Logical Problem of Evil The existence of evil and suffering in our world seems to pose a serious challenge to belief in the existence of a perfect God. If God were all-knowing, it seems that God would know about all of the horrible things that happen in our world. If God were all-powerful, God would be able to do something about all of the evil