Théorie de l'esprit La théorie de l'esprit est la branche des sciences cognitives qui étudie la manière dont nous attribuons des états mentaux à d'autres personnes et comment nous utilisons ces états pour expliquer et prédire les actions de ces autres personnes.. Plus précisément, c'est la branche qui étudie les capacités de lecture mentale, de mentalisation ou de mentalisme. Ces compétences sont partagées par presque tous les êtres humains au-delà de la petite enfance. Ils

Hugo Grotius (1583—1645) Hugo Grotius was a Dutch humanist and jurist whose philosophy of natural law had a major impact on the development of seventeenth century political thought and on the moral theories of the Enlightenment. Valorized by contemporary international theorists as the father of international law, his work on sovereignty, international rights of commerce and the norms of just war continue to inform theories

Zhang Zai (Chang Tsai, 1020—1077) Zhang Zai was one of the pioneers of the Song dynasty philosophical movement called “Study of the Way,” often known as Neo-Confucianism. One of the most distinctive features of many of these new ways of thought being formulated at the time was an increased interest in metaphysics, usually influenced by the Classic of Changes (Yijing). Zhang’s most significant contributions to Chinese philosophy

Philosophie taoïste et confucianisme, « taoïsme » (parfois appelé « taoïsme ») est l'une des deux grandes traditions philosophiques indigènes de Chine. En tant que terme anglais, Le taoïsme correspond à la fois au Daojia ("Famille Dao" ou "école des Dao"), une ancienne dynastie Han (c. 100s B.C.E.) terme qui désigne des textes dits « philosophiques » et des penseurs tels que Laozi et Zhuangzi, et Daojiao (« enseignement du Dao »), which describes various

Ancient Greek Philosophy From Thales, who is often considered the first Western philosopher, to the Stoics and Skeptics, ancient Greek philosophy opened the doors to a particular way of thinking that provided the roots for the Western intellectual tradition. Ici, there is often an explicit preference for the life of reason and rational thought. We find proto-scientific explanations of the natural world in the Milesian

Olympe de Gouges (1748—1793) “Woman has the right to mount the scaffold; she must equally have the right to mount the rostrum” wrote Olympe de Gouges in 1791 in the best known of her writings The Rights of Woman (often referenced as The Declaration of the Rights of Woman and the Female Citizen), two years before she would be the third woman beheaded during France’s