Philosophie chinoise: Aperçu de l'histoire Aucun effort n'a été fait pour écrire une histoire complète de la philosophie chinoise jusqu'à la période moderne d'influence occidentale sur la culture chinoise.. Cela ne veut pas dire que les penseurs chinois n’ont pas abordé de manière sélective les philosophes des époques antérieures ou contemporaines.. Ce qui nous est parvenu comme le dernier chapitre du Zhuangzi (ch. 33, Tian Xia « Sous

Françoise d’Aubigné, marquise de Maintenon (1635-1719) La seconde épouse du roi Louis XIV de France, Madame de Maintenon a longtemps fasciné les historiens et les romanciers par sa vie improbable. Né dans un pays pauvre, famille criminelle, Maintenon a conquis le monde des salons en tant qu'épouse du poète Paul Scarron. Pendant ses années de salon, elle a étudié les courants philosophiques de l'époque, notamment le libertinage et le cartésianisme. Maintenon conquiert alors la société de cour

Metaethics Metaethics is a branch of analytic philosophy that explores the status, foundations, and scope of moral values, properties, and words. Whereas the fields of applied ethics and normative theory focus on what is moral, metaethics focuses on what morality itself is. Just as two people may disagree about the ethics of, par exemple, physician-assisted suicide, while nonetheless agreeing at the more abstract level of

Karl Popper: Critical Rationalism “Critical Rationalism” is the name Karl Popper (1902-1994) gave to a modest and self-critical rationalism. He contrasted this view with “uncritical or comprehensive rationalism,” the received justificationist view that only what can be proved by reason and/or experience should be accepted. Popper argued that comprehensive rationalism cannot explain how proof is possible and that it leads to inconsistencies. Critical rationalism today

Thomas Hobbes: Methodology Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) is one of England’s most influential political philosophers. According to his own estimation, he was probably the most important philosopher of his time, if not of history, since he believed himself to be the first to discover a genuine “science of politics.” Modeled on the surefire method of geometry, his political science was supposed to demonstrate political truths with