Evolutionary Psychology In its broad sense, the term “evolutionary psychology” stands for any attempt to adopt an evolutionary perspective on human behavior by supplementing psychology with the central tenets of evolutionary biology. The underlying idea is that since our mind is the way it is at least in part because of our evolutionary past, evolutionary theory can aid our understanding not only of the human

The Experience Machine The experience machine is a thought experiment first devised by Robert Nozick in the 1970s. In the last decades of the 20th century, an argument based on this thought experiment has been considered a knock-down objection to hedonism about well-being, the thesis that our well-being—that is, the goodness or badness of our lives for us—is entirely determined by our pains and pleasures.

Natural Theology Natural theology is a program of inquiry into the existence and attributes of God without referring or appealing to any divine revelation. In natural theology, one asks what the word “God” means, whether and how names can be applied to God, whether God exists, whether God knows the future free choices of creatures, et ainsi de suite. The aim is to answer those questions

L'argument du caractère indispensable dans la philosophie des mathématiques Dans son article fondateur de 1973, « La vérité mathématique," Paul Benacerraf a présenté un problème auquel sont confrontés tous les récits de vérité et de connaissance mathématiques. Les lectures standard des affirmations mathématiques impliquent l'existence d'objets mathématiques. Mais, nos meilleures théories épistémiques semblent nier que la connaissance des objets mathématiques soit possible. Ainsi, le philosophe des mathématiques est confronté à un dilemme: soit abandonner la norme

Xenophanes (c. 570—c. 478 B.C.E.) Xenophanes of Colophon was a traveling poet and sage with philosophical leanings who lived in ancient Greece during the sixth and the beginning of the fifth centuries B.C.E. There are a significant number of surviving fragments for such an early figure, and the poetic verses available to us indicate a broad range of issues. These include comments on religion, connaissance,

David Hume (1711-1776) « Hume est notre politique, Hume est notre métier, Hume est notre philosophie, Hume est notre religion. Cette déclaration du philosophe du XIXe siècle James Hutchison Stirling reflète la position unique dans la pensée intellectuelle du philosophe écossais David Hume.. Une partie de la renommée et de l’importance de Hume doit son approche audacieusement sceptique à l’égard d’un large éventail de sujets philosophiques.. En épistémologie, il a remis en question les notions communes