Emmanuel Kant: Metaphysics Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) is one of the most influential philosophers in the history of Western philosophy. His contributions to metaphysics, épistémologie, éthique, and aesthetics have had a profound impact on almost every philosophical movement that followed him. This article focuses on his metaphysics and epistemology in one of his most important works, La critique de la raison pure. A large part of Kant’s

Simplicity in the Philosophy of Science The view that simplicity is a virtue in scientific theories and that, toutes choses étant égales par ailleurs, simpler theories should be preferred to more complex ones has been widely advocated in the history of science and philosophy, and it remains widely held by modern scientists and philosophers of science. It often goes by the name of “Ockham’s Razor.” The claim

Thomas S. Kuhn (1922—1996) Thomas Samuel Kuhn, although trained as a physicist at Harvard University, became an historian and philosopher of science through the support of Harvard’s president, James Conant. In 1962, Kuhn’s renowned The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (Structure) helped to inaugurate a revolution—the 1960s historiographic revolution—by providing a new image of science. For Kuhn, scientific revolutions involved paradigm shifts that punctuated periods of

Wang Bi (226—249 C.E.) Wang Bi (Wang Pi), styled Fusi, is regarded as one of the most important interpreters of the classical Chinese texts known as the Daodejing (Tao Te King) and the Yijing (I Ching). He lived and worked during the period after the collapse of the Han dynasty in 220 C.E., an era in which elite interest began to shift away from Confucianism

Jean Luc Nancy (1940—) Le philosophe français Jean-Luc Nancy a écrit plus d'une vingtaine de livres et des centaines de textes ou contributions à des volumes, catalogues et revues. Sa portée philosophique est très large: de On Kawara à Heidegger, du sens du monde et de la déconstruction du christianisme aux romantiques d'Iéna des frères Schlegel. Nancy est influencée par des philosophes comme Jacques Derrida, Georges Bataille

Jacqueline Pascal (1625-1661) Une religieuse cistercienne, Jacqueline Pascal a apporté une contribution majeure à la philosophie de l'éducation par son traité sur les méthodes et principes de la pédagogie utilisée à l'école conventuelle de Port-Royal.. Dans sa théorie pédagogique, l'enseignante apparaît comme une directrice spirituelle qui encourage le progrès moral de ses élèves à travers des exercices ascétiques et des entretiens personnels. Le droit des femmes d'acquérir