Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762—1814) Johann Gottlieb Fichte is one of the major figures in German philosophy in the period between Kant and Hegel. Initially considered one of Kant’s most talented followers, Fichte developed his own system of transcendental philosophy, the so-called Wissenschaftslehre. Through technical philosophical works and popular writings Fichte exercised great influence over his contemporaries, especially during his years at the University of Jena.

Epistemic Conditions of Moral Responsibility What conditions on a person’s knowledge must be satisfied in order for them to be morally responsible for something they have done? The first two decades of the twenty-first century saw a surge of interest in this question. Must an agent, par exemple, be aware that their conduct is all-things-considered wrong to be blameworthy for it? Or could something weaker

Objectivity The terms “objectivity” and “subjectivity,” in their modern usage, generally relate to a perceiving subject (normally a person) and a perceived or unperceived object. The object is something that presumably exists independent of the subject’s perception of it. Autrement dit, the object would be there, as it is, even if no subject perceived it. Donc, objectivity is typically associated with ideas such as

Philodème de Gadara (vers 110—vers 30 avant notre ère.) Philodème de Gadara était un poète et philosophe épicurien qui, après avoir quitté Gadara, a étudié à Athènes sous Zénon de Sidon avant de déménager en Italie. Une fois en Italie, il vivait dans les environs de la baie de Naples, où il appartenait à un cercle d'épicuriens qui comprenait Siro ainsi que les poètes romains Virgile, L. Varius Rufus, Quintilius Varus,

Collective Intentionality The idea that a collective could be bearer of intentional states such as belief and intention is likely to raise some eyebrows, especially in certain Anglo-American and European philosophical circles. The dominant picture in these circles is that intentionality is a feature of individual minds/brains. Toute en face, groups don’t have minds or brains. How could they have intentional states? Despite

La méthode géométrique La méthode géométrique est le style de preuve (aussi appelé « manifestation ») qui a été utilisé dans les preuves d’Euclide en géométrie, et cela a été utilisé en philosophie dans les preuves de Spinoza dans son Éthique. Le terme est apparu pour la première fois en Europe au XVIe siècle, lorsque les mathématiques connaissaient un essor dû à la nouvelle science de la mécanique.. Avant ça, la géométrie avait été enseignée comme un cours purement théorique