Kant: Philosophy of Mind Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) was one of the most important philosophers of the Enlightenment Period (c. 1650-1800) in Western European history. This encyclopedia article focuses on Kant’s views in the philosophy of mind, which undergird much of his epistemology and metaphysics. En particulier, it focuses on metaphysical and epistemological doctrines forming the core of Kant’s mature philosophy, as presented in the Critique

Zhong Hui (Chung Hui, 225–264 C.E.) Zhong Hui (Chung Hui) was a major philosophical figure during China’s early medieval period (220-589 CE). An accomplished interpreter of the Laozi and the Yijing, Zhong Hui contributed significantly to the early development of xuanxue—literally “learning” (xue) of the “dark” or “mysterious” (xuan) Dao ("Chemin"), but sometimes translated as “Neo-Daoism“. He also was a major political figure whose ambition

Philosophie taoïste et confucianisme, « taoïsme » (parfois appelé « taoïsme ») est l'une des deux grandes traditions philosophiques indigènes de Chine. En tant que terme anglais, Le taoïsme correspond à la fois au Daojia ("Famille Dao" ou "école des Dao"), une ancienne dynastie Han (c. 100s B.C.E.) terme qui désigne des textes dits « philosophiques » et des penseurs tels que Laozi et Zhuangzi, et Daojiao (« enseignement du Dao »), which describes various

Paraconsistent Logic A paraconsistent logic is a way to reason about inconsistent information without lapsing into absurdity. In a non-paraconsistent logic, inconsistency explodes in the sense that if a contradiction obtains, then everything (everything!) else obtains, aussi. Someone reasoning with a paraconsistent logic can begin with inconsistent premises—say, a moral dilemma, a Kantian antinomy, or a semantic paradox—and still reach sensible conclusions, without completely exploding

Two-Dimensional Semantics Two-dimensional (2D) semantic theories distinguish between two different aspects, or ‘dimensions’, of the meaning of linguistic expressions. Many other theories identify the meaning of an expression with a dependency of its extension on the state of the world. (The extension of a sentence is its truth-value, and the extension of a sub-sentential expression is the object or objects it applies to.) Consider the