Berlin Circle The Berlin Circle was a group of philosophers and scientists who gathered round Hans Reichenbach in late 1920s. Among its other members, were K. Grelling, C. g. Hempel, D. Hilbert, R. von Mises. The Berlin Circle’s name was Die Gesellschaft für Empirische Philosophie (Society for Empirical Philosophy). It joined up with the Vienna Circle; together they published the journal Erkenntnis that was edited

The Upaniṣads The Upaniṣads are ancient texts from India that were composed orally in Sanskrit between about 700 B.C.E. and 300 B.C.E. There are thirteen major Upaniṣads, many of which were likely composed by multiple authors and are comprised of a variety of styles. As part of a larger group of texts, known as the Vedas, the Upaniṣads were composed in a ritual context, encore

Roger Bacon (1214–1292) Roger Bacon’s most noteworthy philosophical accomplishments were in the fields of mathematics, natural sciences, and language studies. A conspicuous feature of his philosophical outlook was his emphasis on the utility and practicality of all scientific efforts. Bacon was convinced that mathematics and astronomy are not morally neutral activities, pursued for their own sake, but have a deep connection to the practical business

Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900) Nietzsche était un philosophe allemand, essayiste, et critique culturel. Ses écrits sur la vérité, moralité, langue, esthétique, théorie culturelle, histoire, nihilisme, pouvoir, conscience, et le sens de l'existence ont exercé une énorme influence sur la philosophie occidentale et l'histoire intellectuelle. Nietzsche parlait de « la mort de Dieu,» et prévoyait la dissolution de la religion traditionnelle et de la métaphysique. Certains interprètes de Nietzsche pensent qu'il a embrassé le nihilisme,

Philosophie politique: Méthodologie La philosophie politique commence par la question: quelle devrait être la relation d’une personne à la société? Le sujet cherche à appliquer des concepts éthiques à la sphère sociale et traite ainsi de la variété des formes de gouvernement et d’existence sociale dans lesquelles les gens pourraient vivre – et ce faisant, il fournit également une norme permettant d'analyser et de juger les

Act and Rule Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is one of the best known and most influential moral theories. Like other forms of consequentialism, its core idea is that whether actions are morally right or wrong depends on their effects. Plus précisément, the only effects of actions that are relevant are the good and bad results that they produce. A key point in this article concerns the distinction