Diogenes of Apollonia (5th cn. avant notre ère) Diogenes of Apollonia is often considered to be the last of the Presocratic Greek philosophers, although it is more than likely that Democritus was still active after the death of Diogenes. Diogenes’ main importance in the history of philosophy is that he synthesized the earlier Ionic monism of Anaximenes and Heraclitus with the pluralism of Empedocles and Anaxagoras. Diogenes serves as a sort

Thick Concepts A term expresses a thick concept if it expresses a specific evaluative concept that is also substantially descriptive. It is a matter of debate how this rough account should be unpacked, but examples can help to convey the basic idea. Thick concepts are often illustrated with virtue concepts like courageous and generous, action concepts like murder and betray, epistemic concepts like dogmatic and

Divine Simplicity Divine simplicity is central to the classical Western concept of God. Simplicity denies any physical or metaphysical composition in the divine being. This means God is the divine nature itself and has no accidents (properties that are not necessary) accruing to his nature. There are no real divisions or distinctions in this nature. Ainsi, the entirety of God is whatever is attributed to him.

Benoît de Spinoza: Metaphysics Baruch (ou, in Latin, Benedict) de Spinoza (1632-1677) was one of the most important rationalist philosophers in the early modern period, along with Descartes, Leibniz, et Malebranche. Spinoza is also the most influential “atheist” in Europe during this period. “Atheist” at the time meant someone who rejects the traditional Biblical views concerning God and his relation to nature. In his most

Jane Addams (1860-1935) Jane Addams était une activiste et une écrivaine prolifique dans la tradition pragmatiste américaine qui est devenue une leader du progressisme reconnue à l'échelle nationale aux États-Unis ainsi qu'une défenseure de la paix de renommée internationale.. Addams est principalement reconnu pour avoir fondé l'accord social de Chicago, Hull-Maison, qui est devenu le fleuron du mouvement de colonisation. Hull-House a fourni à Addams une communauté intellectuelle de soutien et

L'enfer en philosophie et en théologie, le mot "enfer,» dans son sens le plus général, fait référence à une sorte de mauvais état post-mortem. Le mot anglais est apparemment dérivé d'un mot indo-européen signifiant « couvrir »," qui est associé à l'enterrement, et par extension, avec un « lieu des morts ». Les récits sur la nature de l’enfer décrivent ces dimensions: La durée de l'enfer: est-ce temporaire ou permanent? Le