George Herbert Mead (1863-1931) George Herbert Mead est une figure majeure de l'histoire de la philosophie américaine, l'un des fondateurs du pragmatisme avec Peirce, James, Touffes, et Dewey. Il a publié de nombreux articles au cours de sa vie et, suite à sa mort, plusieurs de ses étudiants ont produit quatre livres en son nom à partir des publications inédites de Mead. (et même inachevé) notes et manuscrits, à partir des notes des élèves, and from

Marcus Aurelius (121—180 C.E.) The philosophy of the Roman Emperor Marcus Aurelius can be found in a collection of personal writings known as the Meditations. These reflect the influence of Stoicism and, en particulier, the philosophy of Epictetus, the Stoic. The Meditations may be read as a series of practical philosophical exercises, following Epictetus’ three topics of study, designed to digest and put into practice

Game Theory This article sketches the basic concepts of the theory of games in order to discuss some of their philosophical implications and problems. Consider the following situation: when two hunters set out to hunt a stag and lose track of each other in the process, each hunter has to make a decision. Either she continues according to plan, hoping that her partner does likewise

Constructivisme politique Le constructivisme politique est une méthode permettant de produire et de défendre des principes de justice et de légitimité.. Elle est étroitement associée à la technique de John Rawls consistant à soumettre nos délibérations sur la justice à certaines contraintes hypothétiques.. Rawls soutenait que si nous raisonnions tous à la lumière de ces conditions, nous pourrions parvenir au même jugement sur la justice.. De plus, notre jugement commun sur la justice est

Deshoulières, Antoinette du Ligier de la Garde (1638—1694) A major poet during the reign of Louis XIV in France, Madame Deshoulières used her writings to defend philosophical naturalism. Like her intellectual model Lucretius, she employed verse to argue that natural causes can adequately explain such apparently spiritual phenomena as thought, volition, and love. In metaphysics, Deshoulières argues that the real is comprised of variations of

Cynics Cynicism originates in the philosophical schools of ancient Greece that claim a Socratic lineage. To call the Cynics a “school” though, immediately raises a difficulty for so unconventional and anti-theoretical a group. Their primary interests are ethical, but they conceive of ethics more as a way of living than as a doctrine in need of explication. As such askēsis—a Greek word meaning a kind