William David Ross (1877—1971) Sir William David Ross was a British philosopher, college administrator, WW I veteran, civil servant, and humanities scholar best known for his important contributions to moral philosophy and the study of classical literature. In the field of classical studies, in addition to shorter works on Plato and Aristotle, his major triumph was his editorship of the Oxford English translations of Aristotle’s

Structuralisme mathématique Le thème du structuralisme mathématique est que ce qui compte pour une théorie mathématique n'est pas la nature interne de ses objets., comme ses chiffres, fonctions, ensembles, ou des points, mais comment ces objets sont liés les uns aux autres. Dans un sens, la thèse est que les objets mathématiques (s'il existe de tels objets) n'ont tout simplement aucune nature intrinsèque. Le thème structuraliste s'est développé notamment à partir de

Adolf Lindenbaum photo by permission of the Archives of the University of Warsaw Adolf Lindenbaum was a Polish mathematician and logician who worked in topology, set theory, metalogic, general metamathematics and the foundations of mathematics. He represented an attitude typical of the Polish Mathematical School, consisting of using all admissible methods, independently of whether they were finitary. Par exemple, the axiom of choice was freely

The Language of Thought Hypothesis The language of thought hypothesis (LOTH) is the hypothesis that mental representation has a linguistic structure, or in other words, that thought takes place within a mental language. The hypothesis is sometimes expressed as the claim that thoughts are sentences in the head. It is one of a cluster of other hypotheses that together offer a theory of the nature

Human Dignity The mercurial concept of human dignity features in ethical, légal, and political discourse as a foundational commitment to human value or human status. The source of that value, or the nature of that status, are contested. The normative implications of the concept are also contested, and there are two partially, or even wholly, different deontic conceptions of human dignity implying virtue-based obligations on