Francisco Suárez (1548—1617) Sometimes called the “Eminent Doctor” after Paul V’s designation of him as doctor eximius et pius, Francisco Suárez was the leading theological and philosophical light of Spain’s Golden Age, alongside such cultural…
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Pascal’s Wager about God
Pascal’s Wager about God Blaise Pascal (1623-1662) offers a pragmatic reason for believing in God: even under the assumption that God’s existence is unlikely, the potential benefits of believing are so vast as to make betting…
Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862)
Henry David Thoreau (1817–1862) The American author Henry David Thoreau is best known for his magnum opus Walden, or Life in the Woods (1854); second to this in popularity is his essay, “Resistance to Civil…
Veṅkaṭanātha (Vedānta Deśika) (c. 1269—c. 1370)
Veṅkaṭanātha (Vedānta Deśika) (c. 1269—c. 1370) Veṅkaṭanātha (also known as Vedānta Deśika “teacher of Vedānta”) was an Indian polymath who wrote philosophical as well as religious and poetical works in several languages, including Sanskrit, Maṇipravāḷa—a…
Normes de connaissances
L’épistémologie des normes de connaissance a connu un regain d’intérêt pour l’idée selon laquelle la connaissance fournit une contrainte normative ou une règle régissant certaines actions ou états mentaux.. Such interest is generated in part by noticing that…
Problèmes Gettier
Problèmes Gettier Les problèmes ou cas Gettier sont nommés en l'honneur du philosophe américain Edmund Gettier, qui les a découverts en 1963. They function as challenges to the philosophical tradition of defining knowledge of a proposition…
Moral Relativism
Moral Relativism Moral relativism is the view that moral judgments are true or false only relative to some particular standpoint (par exemple, that of a culture or a historical period) and that no standpoint is…
Divine Simplicity
Divine Simplicity Divine simplicity is central to the classical Western concept of God. Simplicity denies any physical or metaphysical composition in the divine being. This means God is the divine nature itself and has no accidents…
Égoïsme psychologique
Égoïsme psychologique L'égoïsme psychologique est la thèse selon laquelle nous sommes toujours profondément motivés par ce que nous percevons comme étant dans notre propre intérêt. Altruisme psychologique, d'autre part, is the view that sometimes we…
Self-Consciousness
Self-Consciousness Philosophical work on self-consciousness has mostly focused on the identification and articulation of specific epistemic and semantic peculiarities of self-consciousness, peculiarities which distinguish it from consciousness of things other than oneself. After drawing certain…