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Agnès Arnauld (1593—1671) An abbess of the Jansenist convent of Port-Royal, Mère Agnès Arnauld developed an Augustinian philosophy shaped by the mystical currents of the French Counter-Reformation. Her philosophy of God depicts a deity who is radically other than his creatures. Only a negative theology, a theology of what God is not, can explore the divine attributes. In her ethical theory, Mère Agnès contextualizes moral
Understanding in Epistemology Epistemology is often defined as the theory of knowledge, and talk of propositional knowledge (questo è, “S knows that p”) has dominated the bulk of modern literature in epistemology. Tuttavia, epistemologists have recently started to turn more attention to the epistemic state or states of understanding, asking questions about its nature, relationship to knowledge, connection with explanation, and potential status as a
Persistence in Time No person ever steps into the same river twice—or so goes the Heraclitean maxim. Obscure as it is, the maxim is often taken to express two ideas. The first is that everything always changes, and nothing remains perfectly similar to how it was just one instant before. The second is that nothing survives this constant flux of change. Where there appears to
Slavoj Žižek (1949 —) Slavoj Žižek is a Slovenian-born political philosopher and cultural critic. He was described by British literary theorist, Terry Eagleton, as the “most formidably brilliant” recent theorist to have emerged from Continental Europe. Žižek’s work is infamously idiosyncratic. It features striking dialectical reversals of received common sense; a ubiquitous sense of humor; a patented disrespect towards the modern distinction between high and
Nichilismo Il nichilismo è la convinzione che tutti i valori siano infondati e che nulla possa essere conosciuto o comunicato. È spesso associato al pessimismo estremo e allo scetticismo radicale che condanna l'esistenza. Un vero nichilista non crederebbe a nulla, non hanno lealtà, e nessun altro scopo se non, Forse, un impulso a distruggere. Mentre pochi filosofi affermerebbero di essere nichilisti, il nichilismo è più spesso associato
Platone (427—347 B.C.E.) Plato is one of the world’s best known and most widely read and studied philosophers. He was the student of Socrates and the teacher of Aristotle, and he wrote in the middle of the fourth century B.C.E. in ancient Greece. Though influenced primarily by Socrates, to the extent that Socrates is usually the main character in many of Plato’s writings, he was