John Hick (1922—2012) John Hick was arguably one of the most important and influential philosophers of religion of the second half of the twentieth century. As a British philosopher in the anglo-analytic tradition, Hick did groundbreaking work in religious epistemology, philosophical theology, and religious pluralism. As a young law student, Hick underwent a strong religious experience that led him to accept evangelical Christianity and to

Mind and the Causal Exclusion Problem The causal exclusion problem is an objection to nonreductive physicalist models of mental causation. Mental causation occurs when behavioural effects have mental causes: Jennie eats a peach because she wants one; Marvin goes to Harvard because he chose to, eccetera. Nonreductive physicalists typically supplement adherence to mental causation with the view that behavioural effects have distinct sufficient physical causes

Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics Quantum mechanics is a physical theory developed in the 1920s to account for the behavior of matter on the atomic scale. It has subsequently been developed into arguably the most empirically successful theory in the history of physics. Tuttavia, it is hard to understand quantum mechanics as a description of the physical world, or to understand it as a physical explanation

Transcendental Arguments Transcendental arguments are partly non-empirical, often anti-skeptical arguments focusing on necessary enabling conditions either of coherent experience or the possession or employment of some kind of knowledge or cognitive ability, where the opponent is not in a position to question the fact of this experience, conoscenza, or cognitive ability, and where the revealed preconditions include what the opponent questions. Such arguments take as

Tempo Il tempo è ciò che misurano gli orologi, Einstein disse una volta. Le informazioni sul tempo indicano la durata degli eventi, e quando si verificano, e quali eventi accadono prima di quali altri, quindi il tempo gioca un ruolo molto significativo nella struttura dell’universo, compresa la struttura della nostra vita personale. Ma ci sono molte questioni irrisolte, sia filosofico che scientifico. Consideriamo questa questione sulla quale i filosofi sono profondamente divisi:

Jeremy Bentham (1748—1832) Jeremy Bentham was an English philosopher and political radical. He is primarily known today for his moral philosophy, especially his principle of utilitarianism, which evaluates actions based upon their consequences. The relevant consequences, in particolare, are the overall happiness created for everyone affected by the action. Influenced by many enlightenment thinkers, especially empiricists such as John Locke and David Hume, Bentham developed