Senofonte (430-354 a.E.V.) Senofonte era un filosofo greco, soldato, storico, memoriale, e autore di numerosi trattati pratici su argomenti che vanno dall'equitazione alla tassazione. Mentre è meglio conosciuto nel mondo filosofico contemporaneo come autore di una serie di schizzi di Socrate in conversazione, conosciuti con il titolo latino Memorabilia, Senofonte scrisse anche un Simposio e un'Apologia che presentano un insieme vivido

Heraclitus (fl. c. 500 B.C.E.) A Greek philosopher of the late 6th century BCE, Heraclitus criticizes his predecessors and contemporaries for their failure to see the unity in experience. He claims to announce an everlasting Word (Logos) according to which all things are one, in un certo senso. Opposites are necessary for life, but they are unified in a system of balanced exchanges. The world itself

Theory of Mind Theory of Mind is the branch of cognitive science that investigates how we ascribe mental states to other persons and how we use the states to explain and predict the actions of those other persons. More accurately, it is the branch that investigates mindreading or mentalizing or mentalistic abilities. These skills are shared by almost all human beings beyond early childhood. Essi

Platone: The Laws The Laws is Plato’s last, longest, e, Forse, most loathed work. The book is a conversation on political philosophy between three elderly men: an unnamed Athenian, a Spartan named Megillus, and a Cretan named Clinias. These men work to create a constitution for Magnesia, a new Cretan colony. The government of Magnesia is a mixture of democratic and authoritarian principles that aim

Arthur Prior: Logic Arthur Norman Prior (1914-69) was a logician and philosopher from New Zealand who contributed crucially to the development of ‘non-standard’ logics, especially of the modal variety. His greatest achievement was the invention of modern temporal logic, worked out in close connection with modal logic. Tuttavia, his work in logic had a much broader scope. He was also the founder of hybrid logic, e

Fictionalism in the Philosophy of Mathematics The distinctive character of fictionalism about any discourse is (UN) recognition of some valuable purpose to that discourse, e (b) the claim that that purpose can be served even if sentences uttered in the context of that discourse are not literally true. Regarding (b), if the discourse in question involves mathematics, either pure or applied, the core of the