The Compactness Theorem The compactness theorem is a fundamental theorem for the model theory of classical propositional and first-order logic. As well as having importance in several areas of mathematics, such as algebra and combinatorics, it also helps to pinpoint the strength of these logics, which are the standard ones used in mathematics and arguably the most important ones in philosophy. The main focus of

Logical Problem of Evil The existence of evil and suffering in our world seems to pose a serious challenge to belief in the existence of a perfect God. If God were all-knowing, it seems that God would know about all of the horrible things that happen in our world. If God were all-powerful, God would be able to do something about all of the evil

Relativismo Talvolta viene identificato il relativismo (solitamente dai suoi critici) come tesi secondo cui tutti i punti di vista sono ugualmente validi. Nell'etica, ciò equivale a dire che tutte le morali sono ugualmente buone; in epistemologia implica che tutte le credenze, o sistemi di credenze, sono ugualmente vere. I critici del relativismo in genere respingono tali visioni come incoerenti poiché implicano la validità anche dell’idea secondo cui il relativismo

Zeno’s Paradoxes In the fifth century B.C.E., Zeno offered arguments that led to conclusions contradicting what we all know from our physical experience—that runners run, that arrows fly, and that there are many different things in the world. The arguments were paradoxes for the ancient Greek philosophers. Because many of the arguments turn crucially on the notion that space and time are infinitely divisible, Zeno