Francis Hutcheson (1694—1745) Francis Hutcheson was an eighteenth-century Scottish philosopher whose meticulous writings and activities influenced life in Scotland, Great Britain, Europa, and even the newly formed North American colonies. For historians and political scientists, the emphasis has been on his theories of liberalism and political rights; for philosophers and psychologists, Hutcheson’s importance comes from his theories of human nature, which include an account of

Human Dignity The mercurial concept of human dignity features in ethical, legale, and political discourse as a foundational commitment to human value or human status. The source of that value, or the nature of that status, are contested. The normative implications of the concept are also contested, and there are two partially, or even wholly, different deontic conceptions of human dignity implying virtue-based obligations on

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The Language of Thought Hypothesis The language of thought hypothesis (LOTH) is the hypothesis that mental representation has a linguistic structure, or in other words, that thought takes place within a mental language. The hypothesis is sometimes expressed as the claim that thoughts are sentences in the head. It is one of a cluster of other hypotheses that together offer a theory of the nature

Mencio (c. 372-289 a.E.V.) Meglio conosciuto in Cina come “Maestro Meng” (cinese: Mengzi), Mencio era un pensatore cinese del IV secolo a.C. la cui importanza nella tradizione confuciana è seconda solo a quella dello stesso Confucio. In molti modi, ha interpretato il ruolo di S. Paolo al Gesù di Confucio, interpretando il pensiero del maestro per le epoche successive e contemporaneamente imprimendo le idee di Confucio con la propria filosofia

Lucio Annaeo Seneca (c. 4 a.E.V.—65 E.V.) L'antico filosofo romano Seneca era uno stoico che adottò e argomentò in gran parte all'interno della struttura ereditata dai suoi predecessori stoici. Le sue Lettere a Lucilio sono state a lungo testi stoici ampiamente letti. I testi di Seneca hanno molti scopi: scrive per esortare i lettori alla filosofia, per incoraggiarli a continuare gli studi, per articolare la sua posizione filosofica, A