Gottfried Leibniz: Metaphysics The German rationalist philosopher, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716), is one of the great renaissance men of Western thought. He has made significant contributions in several fields spanning the intellectual landscape, including mathematics, fisica, logica, etica, and theology. Unlike many of his contemporaries of the modern period, Leibniz does not have a canonical work that stands as his single, comprehensive piece of philosophy. Invece,

Jeanne-Françoise Frémyot, Baronne de Chantal (1572—1641) Canonized a Catholic saint in 1767, Jeanne de Chantal (Jane of Chantal) has rarely been the object of philosophical analysis. Fino a poco tempo fa, her influence has largely confined itself to the Visitation order she founded and to the network of schools sponsored by the Visitation nuns. Contemporary theologians, Tuttavia, have studied her works from the perspective of spirituality. Her extensive

The Knowledge Argument Against Physicalism The knowledge argument is one of the main challenges to physicalism, the doctrine that the world is entirely physical. The argument begins with the claim that there are truths about consciousness that cannot be deduced from the complete physical truth. Per esempio, Frank Jackson’s Mary learns all the physical truths from within a black-and-white room. Then she leaves the room,

Haskell Brooks Curry (1900-1982) Haskell Brooks Curry was a mathematical logician who developed a distinct philosophy of mathematics. Most of his work was technical: he was the major developer of combinatory logic, which nowadays plays a role in theoretical computer science. This formalism was originally intended to be a basis for a system of symbolic logic in the usual sense, but the original system turned

Ernest Cassirer (1874-1945) Ernst Cassirer era il più importante, e l'ultimo, Filosofo neokantiano del XX secolo. Il suo principale contributo filosofico fu la trasformazione dell’adattamento logico-matematico dell’idealismo trascendentale di Kant da parte del suo maestro Hermann Cohen in una filosofia comprensiva di forme simboliche intesa ad affrontare tutti gli aspetti della vita culturale e della creatività umana.. Così facendo, Cassirer ha prestato la stessa attenzione ad entrambi i lati