Personal Identity What does being the person that you are, from one day to the next, necessarily consist in? This is the question of personal identity, and it is literally a question of life and death, as the correct answer to it determines which types of changes a person can undergo without ceasing to exist. Personal identity theory is the philosophical confrontation with the most

Locke: Knowledge of the External World The problem of how we can know the existence and nature of the world external to our mind is one of the oldest and most difficult in philosophy. The discussion by John Locke (1632-1704) of knowledge of the external world have proved to be some of the most confusing and difficult passages of his entire body of philosophical work.

Qualia Qualia are the subjective or qualitative properties of experiences. What it feels like, experientially, to see a red rose is different from what it feels like to see a yellow rose. Likewise for hearing a musical note played by a piano and hearing the same musical note played by a tuba. The qualia of these experiences are what give each of them its characteristic

Epifenomenalismo L'epifenomenalismo è una posizione nella filosofia della mente secondo la quale gli stati o gli eventi mentali sono causati da stati o eventi fisici nel cervello ma non causano di per sé nulla. Sembra che la nostra vita mentale influisca sul nostro corpo, e, tramite il nostro corpo, il mondo fisico che ci circonda: sembra che i dolori acuti ci facciano sussultare, sembra che la paura faccia

Giambattista Vico (1668—1744) Giambattista Vico is often credited with the invention of the philosophy of history. Nello specifico, he was the first to take seriously the possibility that people had fundamentally different schema of thought in different historical eras. Così, Vico became the first to chart a course of history that depended on the way the structure of thought changed over time. To illustrate the difference