Leibniz: Modal Metaphysics Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716) served as the natural end of the rationalist tradition on the European continent, which included Descartes, Spinozza, e Malebranche. His philosophy was one of the major influences on…
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Neo-Platonism
Neo-Platonism Neo-platonism (or Neoplatonism) is a modern term used to designate the period of Platonic philosophy beginning with the work of Plotinus and ending with the closing of the Platonic Academy by the Emperor Justinian…
Arnold Geulincx (1624-1669)
Arnold Geulincx (1624-1669) Arnoldo (o Arnout) Geulincx era un filosofo fiammingo della prima età moderna che inizialmente insegnò a Lovanio (Lovanio) Università, ma fuggì dai Paesi Bassi cattolici quando vi fu licenziato nel 1658. He settled at…
Victor Kraft (1880—1975)
Victor Kraft (1880—1975) Victor Kraft was an Austrian philosopher and librarian. He was, as he himself emphasized, a “non-orthodox” member of the Vienna Circle and tried to reintroduce scientific philosophy in Austria after the Second…
Niccolò Machiavelli (1469—1527)
Niccolò Machiavelli (1469—1527) Machiavelli was a 16th century Florentine philosopher known primarily for his political ideas. His two most famous philosophical books, The Prince and the Discourses on Livy, were published after his death. Il suo…
Aristotele (384 B.C.E.—322 B.C.E.)
Aristotele (384 B.C.E.—322 B.C.E.) Aristotle is a towering figure in ancient Greek philosophy, who made important contributions to logic, criticism, rhetoric, fisica, biologia, psychology, mathematics, metafisica, etica, and politics. He was a student of Plato for twenty…
Cyrenaics
Cyrenaics The Cyrenaics are one of the minor Socratic schools. The school was founded by Aristippus, a follower of Socrates. The Cyrenaics are notable mainly for their empiricist and skeptical epistemology and their sensualist hedonism….
Sigmund Freud (1856—1939)
Sigmund Freud (1856—1939) Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, was a physiologist, medical doctor, psychologist and influential thinker of the early twentieth century. Working initially in close collaboration with Joseph Breuer, Freud elaborated the theory…
Legal Validity
Legal Validity Legal validity governs the enforceability of law, and the standard of legal validity enhances or restricts the ability of the political ruler to enforce his will through legal coercion. Western law adopts three…
The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Argument and the Bell Inequalities
The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Argument and the Bell Inequalities See the PDF Version. Author Information László E. Szabó Email: [email protected] Eötvös University Hungary