Aristoteles (384 v. u. Z. – 322 v. u. Z.) Aristotle is a towering figure in ancient Greek philosophy, who made important contributions to logic, criticism, Rhetorik, Physik, Biologie, Psychologie, mathematics, Metaphysik, Ethik, und Politik. He was a student of Plato for twenty years but is famous for rejecting Plato’s theory of forms. He was more empirically minded than both Plato and Plato’s teacher, Sokrates. A prolific writer, Dozent, and polymath, Aristotle radically

Mental Causation The term “mental causation” applies to causal transactions involving mental events or states, such as beliefs, Wünsche, Gefühle, and perceptions. Typischerweise, the term is used to refer to cases where a mental state causes a physical reaction: Zum Beispiel, the mental state of perceiving a Frisbee flying your way can cause the physical event of your springing up to catch it. It should

Locke: Erkenntnistheorie John Locke (1632-1704), einer der Begründer des britischen Empirismus, ist berühmt dafür, dass er darauf beharrt, dass alle unsere Ideen aus Erfahrung stammen, und dass er die Notwendigkeit empirischer Beweise betont. Er entwickelt seine empiristische Erkenntnistheorie in einem Essay über menschliches Verständnis, was spätere Empiriker wie George Berkeley und David Hume stark beeinflusste. In diesem Artikel, Lockes Essay dient zur Erläuterung seiner Kritik

Relativism Relativism is sometimes identified (usually by its critics) as the thesis that all points of view are equally valid. In ethics, this amounts to saying that all moralities are equally good; in epistemology it implies that all beliefs, or belief systems, are equally true. Critics of relativism typically dismiss such views as incoherent since they imply the validity even of the view that relativism

Charles Hartshorne: Biography and Psychology of Sensation Charles Hartshorne is widely regarded as having been an important figure in twentieth century metaphysics and philosophy of religion. His contributions are wide-ranging. He championed the aspirations of metaphysics when it was unfashionable, and the metaphysic he championed helped change some of the fashions of philosophy. He counted some well-known scientists among his friends, and he embraced the