Marcus Aurelius (121–180 n. Chr.) Die Philosophie des römischen Kaisers Marcus Aurelius findet sich in einer Sammlung persönlicher Schriften, die als Meditationen bekannt sind. Diese spiegeln den Einfluss des Stoizismus wider, insbesondere, Die Philosophie des Epiktet, der Stoiker. Die Meditationen können als eine Reihe praktischer philosophischer Übungen gelesen werden, im Anschluss an die drei Studienthemen von Epictetus, Entwickelt, um es zu verdauen und in die Praxis umzusetzen

Aristoteles (384 v. u. Z. – 322 v. u. Z.) Aristotle is a towering figure in ancient Greek philosophy, who made important contributions to logic, criticism, Rhetorik, Physik, Biologie, Psychologie, mathematics, Metaphysik, Ethik, und Politik. He was a student of Plato for twenty years but is famous for rejecting Plato’s theory of forms. He was more empirically minded than both Plato and Plato’s teacher, Sokrates. A prolific writer, Dozent, and polymath, Aristotle radically

Set Theory Set Theory is a branch of mathematics that investigates sets and their properties. The basic concepts of set theory are fairly easy to understand and appear to be self-evident. Aber, despite its apparent simplicity, set theory turns out to be a very sophisticated subject. Besonders, mathematicians have shown that virtually all mathematical concepts and results can be formalized within the theory of

David Hume: Moral Philosophy Although David Hume (1711-1776) is commonly known for his philosophical skepticism, and empiricist theory of knowledge, he also made many important contributions to moral philosophy. Hume’s ethical thought grapples with questions about the relationship between morality and reason, the role of human emotion in thought and action, the nature of moral evaluation, human sociability, and what it means to live a

Design Arguments for the Existence of God Design arguments are empirical arguments for the existence of God. These arguments typically, though not always, proceed by attempting to identify various empirical features of the world that constitute evidence of intelligent design and inferring God’s existence as the best explanation for these features. Since the concepts of design and purpose are closely related, design arguments are also

Giambattista Vico (1668—1744) Giambattista Vico is often credited with the invention of the philosophy of history. Speziell, he was the first to take seriously the possibility that people had fundamentally different schema of thought in different historical eras. So, Vico became the first to chart a course of history that depended on the way the structure of thought changed over time. To illustrate the difference