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Future Contingents The riddle of the future bewilders human beings. Einerseits, we are inclined to think that future events are real in some sense, because we ask questions and make assertions about them. Andererseits, we are inclined to think that future events may depend on our choices, because we conceive of ourselves as free agents. These two inclinations seem
George Edward Moore (1873—1958) G. E. Moore was a highly influential British philosopher of the early twentieth century. His career was spent mainly at Cambridge University, where he taught alongside Bertrand Russell and, later, Ludwig Wittgenstein. The period of their overlap there has been called the “golden age” of Cambridge philosophy. Moore’s main contributions to philosophy were in the areas of metaphysics, Erkenntnistheorie, Ethik, und
Humility Regarding Intrinsic Properties The Humility Thesis is a persistent thesis in contemporary metaphysics. It is known by a variety of names, including, but not limited to, Humility, Intrinsic Humility, Kantian Humility, Kantian Physicalism, Intrinsic Ignorance, Categorical Ignorance, Irremediable Ignorance, and Noumenalism. According to the thesis, we human beings, and any knowers that share our general ways of knowing, are irremediably ignorant of a certain
Plato: Die Republik Seit der Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts, Die Republik war Platons berühmtester und meistgelesener Dialog. Wie in den meisten anderen platonischen Dialogen ist Sokrates die Hauptfigur. Es ist allgemein anerkannt, dass die Republik zu den Dialogen der mittleren Periode Platons gehört. In Platons frühen Dialogen, Sokrates widerlegt die Darstellungen seiner Gesprächspartner und die Diskussion endet ohne zufriedenstellende Antwort auf die Frage
Neo-Platonism Neo-platonism (or Neoplatonism) is a modern term used to designate the period of Platonic philosophy beginning with the work of Plotinus and ending with the closing of the Platonic Academy by the Emperor Justinian in 529 C.E. This brand of Platonism, which is often described as ‘mystical’ or religious in nature, developed outside the mainstream of Academic Platonism. The origins of Neoplatonism can be
Mathematical Nominalism Mathematical nominalism can be described as the view that mathematical entities—entities such as numbers, Sätze, Funktionen, and groups—do not exist. Aber, stating the view requires some care. Though the opposing view (that mathematical objects do exist) may seem like a somewhat exotic metaphysical claim, it is usually motivated by the thought that mathematical objects are required to exist in order for mathematical claims