Plato: The Laws The Laws is Plato’s last, longest, und, womöglich, most loathed work. The book is a conversation on political philosophy between three elderly men: an unnamed Athenian, a Spartan named Megillus, and a Cretan named Clinias. These men work to create a constitution for Magnesia, a new Cretan colony. The government of Magnesia is a mixture of democratic and authoritarian principles that aim

Aquinas: Philosophical Theology In addition to his moral philosophy, Thomas von Aquin (1225-1274) is well-known for his theological writings. He is arguably the most eminent philosophical theologian ever to have lived. To this day, it is difficult to find someone whose work rivals Aquinas’ in breadth and influence. Although his work is not limited to illuminating Christian doctrine, virtually all of what he wrote is shaped by

Kindliche Pflicht Die Frage, was man für seine Eltern tun soll, ist oft drängend; ein Elternteil braucht in naher Zukunft Pflege, und das erwachsene Kind muss entscheiden, welche Art von Betreuung es leisten möchte, ob und in welcher Höhe die Pflegeleistungen finanziert werden, und inwieweit das Kind sein Glück opfern sollte, Wohlbefinden, finanzielle Sicherheit, Gästezimmer, und so weiter

Self-Consciousness Philosophical work on self-consciousness has mostly focused on the identification and articulation of specific epistemic and semantic peculiarities of self-consciousness, peculiarities which distinguish it from consciousness of things other than oneself. After drawing certain fundamental distinctions, and considering the conditions for the very possibility of self-consciousness, this article discusses the nature of those epistemic and semantic peculiarities. The relevant epistemic peculiarities are mainly those

John Anderson (1893-1962) Scottish-Australian philosopher John Anderson was a passionate defender of a philosophy typically described as Realism. Anderson exercised a significant and lasting influence over several generations of students, including such later philosophers as John Passmore, J.L. Mackie, and D.M. Armstrong. These students criticised and developed several key features of Anderson’s own philosophy such as the defense of a theory of objective good, Die