Sablé, Madeleine de Souvré, Marquise De (1598—1678) A prominent salonnière in seventeenth-century Paris, Madame de Sablé has long occupied the background of early modern French philosophy. She has survived in intellectual history as the patron of La Rochefoucauld, as the hostess of a theological salon, and as the correspondent of Blaise Pascal and Antoine Arnauld. These ancillary roles have obscured her original contributions to moral

Coherentism in Epistemology Coherentism is a theory of epistemic justification. It implies that for a belief to be justified it must belong to a coherent system of beliefs. For a system of beliefs to be coherent, the beliefs that make up that system must “cohere” with one another. Typischerweise, this coherence is taken to involve three components: logical consistency, explanatory relations, and various inductive (non-explanatory)

Ethnoepistemologie Als eine Art naturalisierter Epistemologie, Die Ethnoepistemologie betrachtet alle erkenntnistheoretischen Aktivitäten des Menschen als völlig natürliche Phänomene, die es zu beschreiben gilt, verstanden, und aus einer weitgehend anthropologischen und vollständig a posteriori-Perspektive bewertet. In diesem Sinne untersucht es die gesamte Bandbreite menschlicher erkenntnistheoretischer Aktivitäten, angefangen bei denen des einfachen Volkes bis hin zu kognitiven Spezialisten (Zum Beispiel, Wahrsager, Schamanen, Priester, Zauberer, und Wissenschaftler) zu denen der Erkenntnistheoretiker

John Stuart Mill: Ethics The ethical theory of John Stuart Mill (1806-1873) is most extensively articulated in his classical text Utilitarianism (1861). Its goal is to justify the utilitarian principle as the foundation of morals. This principle says actions are right in proportion as they tend to promote overall human happiness. Also, Mill focuses on consequences of actions and not on rights nor ethical sentiments.

Cornelius Castoriadis (1922—1997) Cornelius Castoriadis was an important intellectual figure in France for many decades, beginning in the late-1940s. Trained in philosophy, Castoriadis also worked as a practicing economist and psychologist while authoring over twenty major works and numerous articles spanning many traditional philosophical subjects, including politics, Wirtschaft, Psychologie, anthropology, and ontology. His oeuvre can be understood broadly as a reflection on the concept of