Plato: The Laws The Laws is Plato’s last, longest, und, womöglich, most loathed work. The book is a conversation on political philosophy between three elderly men: an unnamed Athenian, a Spartan named Megillus, and a Cretan named Clinias. These men work to create a constitution for Magnesia, a new Cretan colony. The government of Magnesia is a mixture of democratic and authoritarian principles that aim

Charles Sanders Peirce: Logic Charles Sanders Peirce (1839-1914) was an accomplished scientist, Philosoph, and mathematician, who considered himself primarily a logician. His contributions to the development of modern logic at the turn of the 20th century were colossal, original and influential. Formal, or deductive, logic was just one of the branches in which he exercized his logical and analytical talent. His work developed upon Boole’s

Paradigm Case Arguments From time to time philosophers and scientists have made sensational, provocative claims that certain things do not exist or never happen that, in everyday life, we unquestioningly take for granted as existing or happening. These claims have included denying the existence of matter, Raum, Zeit, das Ich, Freier Wille, and other sturdy and basic elements of our common-sense or naïve world-view. Around

Laws of Nature Laws of Nature are to be distinguished both from Scientific Laws and from Natural Laws. Neither Natural Laws, as invoked in legal or ethical theories, nor Scientific Laws, which some researchers consider to be scientists’ attempts to state or approximate the Laws of Nature, will be discussed in this article. Stattdessen, it explores issues in contemporary metaphysics. Within metaphysics, there are two competing

David Hume: Religion David Hume (1711-1776) wurde von seinen Freunden „Heiliger David“ und „Der gute David“ genannt, aber seine Gegner kannten ihn als „den großen Ungläubigen“. Seine Beiträge zur Religion hatten nachhaltige Wirkung und zeitgenössische Bedeutung. Einzeln genommen, Hume gewährt neue Einblicke in viele Aspekte der offenbarten und natürlichen Theologie. Zusammen genommen, Jedoch, Sie stellen seinen Versuch einer systematischen Untergrabung dar