Sinnesdaten Erfahrungen aller Art haben einen unverwechselbaren Charakter, was sie als grundsätzlich verschieden von Bewusstseinszuständen wie dem Denken auszeichnet. Eine plausible Ansicht ist, dass der Unterschied dadurch erklärt werden sollte, dass, darin, ein Erlebnis zu haben, Das Subjekt ist sich einer Reihe phänomenaler Qualitäten irgendwie sofort bewusst. Zum Beispiel, im Sehen, einen Apfel greifen und schmecken, das Thema

Lucian Blaga (1895–1961) Lucian Blaga war in der Zeit zwischen den beiden Weltkriegen ein bedeutender Philosoph in Osteuropa. Ausbildung sowohl in ostorthodoxer Theologie als auch in klassischer Philosophie, Er entwickelte eine „spekulative“ Philosophie, die Bücher zur Erkenntnistheorie umfasste, Metaphysik, Ästhetik, Philosophie der Kultur, Philosophische Anthropologie, Philosophie der Geschichte, Philosophie der Wissenschaft, und Religionsphilosophie. Dafür wurde ein Lehrstuhl für Kulturphilosophie geschaffen

Manbendra Nath Roy (1887—1954) M. N. Roy was a twentieth century Indian philosopher. He began his career as a militant political activist and left India in 1915 in search of arms for organizing an insurrection against British rule in India. Aber, Roy’s attempts to secure arms ended in a failure, and finally in June 1916, he landed in San Francisco, California. It was there that Roy,

La Sablière, Marguerite Hessein de (1640—1693) Madame de la Sablière made distinctive contributions to moral and religious philosophy in 17th century France. Her ethical theory implies that the natural moral virtues are disguised vices and that only the theological virtues can sustain an authentic moral life. Her moral rigorism appears in the severity with which she treats questions of moral agency and responsibility. In her

Foreknowledge and Free Will Suppose it were known, by someone else, what you are going to choose to do tomorrow. Wouldn’t that entail that tomorrow you must do what it was known in advance that you would do? In spite of your deliberating and planning, am Ende, all is futile: you must choose exactly as it was earlier known that you would. The supposed

Mathematical Platonism Mathematical platonism is any metaphysical account of mathematics that implies mathematical entities exist, that they are abstract, and that they are independent of all our rational activities. Zum Beispiel, a platonist might assert that the number pi exists outside of space and time and has the characteristics it does regardless of any mental or physical activities of human beings. Mathematical platonists are often