Chauncey Wright (1830—1875) Chauncey Wright, an American mathematician, Philosoph, and intellectual catalyst of the Septum and the Metaphysical club at Cambridge, was a great influence on Charles Sanders Peirce, William James, Oliver Wendell Holmes, und…
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Origen of Alexandria (185—254 C.E.)
Origen of Alexandria (185—254 C.E.) Origen of Alexandria, one of the greatest Christian theologians, is famous for composing the seminal work of Christian Neoplatonism, his treatise On First Principles. Origen lived through a turbulent period…
Constructivism in Metaphysics
Constructivism in Metaphysics Although there is no canonical view of “Constructivism” within analytic metaphysics, here is a good starting definition: Constructivism: Some existing entities are constructed by us in that they depend substantively on us….
Tyler Burge (1946—)
Tyler Burge (1946—) Tyler Burge is an American philosopher who has done influential work in several areas of philosophy. These include philosophy of language, Logik, Philosophie des Geistes, Erkenntnistheorie, Philosophie der Wissenschaft (primarily philosophy of…
Reduction and Emergence in Chemistry
Reduction and Emergence in Chemistry Most talk of reduction and emergence figures in discussions about the relation between different physical theories, or between physics and biology. The aim of this article is to present a…
Scotus: Knowledge of God
Scotus: Knowledge of God Any discussion of John Duns Scotus (1266—1308) on our knowledge of God has to be a discussion of Scotus’s thesis that we have concepts univocal to God and creatures. By this,…
Reformed Epistemology
Reformed Epistemology Reformed epistemology is a thesis about the rationality of religious belief. A central claim made by the reformed epistemologist is that religious belief can be rational without any appeal to evidence or argument….
Eigentum
Eigentum Konzepte von Eigentum werden verwendet, um die rechtlichen und ethischen Ansprüche zu beschreiben, die bestimmte Personen oder Gruppen zur Verwaltung bestimmter Ressourcen nutzen müssen. Allerdings über diese allgemeinste Definition von „Eigentum“ hinaus, philosophical controversy…
Michel Foucault: Political Thought
Michel Foucault: Political Thought The work of twentieth-century French philosopher Michel Foucault has increasingly influenced the study of politics. This influence has mainly been via concepts he developed in particular historical studies that have been…
Anaxagoras (c.500—428 B.C.E.)
Anaxagoras (c.500—428 B.C.E.) Anaxagoras of Clazomenae was an important Presocratic natural philosopher and scientist who lived and taught in Athens for approximately thirty years. He gained notoriety for his materialistic views, particularly his contention that…